In some cases, heart disease may be so severe that the patient can not stand waiting for a donor heart. Medical scientists have developed electronic devices such as defibrillators, pacemakers and artificial heart models that can keep patients alive until the heart becomes available.
One of the most famous is the "Jarvik-7" artificial heart, named after its designer Robert K. Jarvik, an American doctor. Designed to function like a natural heart, Jarvik-7 has two pumps (such as the ventricles), each with a disk-shaped mechanism that pushes blood from the valve inlet to the outlet valve.
The action of the artificial heart is fully similar to the action of the natural heart. There is, however, one major difference: the heart muscle of living nature, while the artificial heart is plastic, aluminum, and Dacron polyester. As a result, artificial heart requires some external source of "life." An external power system to energize and organize the pump through a system of compressed air hoses that enter the heart through the chest. Since the system is complicated and open to infection, the use of artificial heart intended to be temporary.
The Jarvik-7 was first used in the early 1980s. However, previous artificial hearts dates back to the mid-1950s. In 1957, a team of scientists, led by Willem Kolff, a Dutch-born physician, they are tested in animal models to identify the problem. In 1969, a team led by Denton Cooley of the Texas Heart Institute successfully kept a human patient alive for more than sixty hours with their model. During the following years, the idea of a permanent, not temporary, implantation began to take hold.
In 1982, a team led by William DeVries of the University of Utah embed the Jarvik-7 into patient Barney Clark who called. For various medical reasons, transplantation surgery is not an option for Clark. Therefore, it is a prime candidate for a permanent artificial heart. He survived with the Jarvik-7 for 112 days.
Since then, the development of improved artificial heart continue. One possibility is the heart that electrical power from a small wearable batteries that do not require a break in the skin. Maybe, someday, the artificial heart will be a choice, realistic permanent survival.
Jul 4, 2012
Open Heart Surgery
Open Heart Surgery
As the patient's chest cavity is opened, note the steam rising as the surgeon cauterizes the blood vessels. The patient is attached to a heart-lung machine that made the blood circulation while the heart is stopped. Once the heart stops beating, the arteries (arterial milk) of the chest cavity is grafted to the heart at both ends, through the blocked coronary artery. Finally, the patient is taken off of heart-lung machine. The heart begins to beat again.
As the patient's chest cavity is opened, note the steam rising as the surgeon cauterizes the blood vessels. The patient is attached to a heart-lung machine that made the blood circulation while the heart is stopped. Once the heart stops beating, the arteries (arterial milk) of the chest cavity is grafted to the heart at both ends, through the blocked coronary artery. Finally, the patient is taken off of heart-lung machine. The heart begins to beat again.
Jul 3, 2012
Invasive Procedures
The most invasive procedure is Open Heart Surgery.
If diet and exercise are not effective in treating heart disease, medication is usually prescribed. If heart disease is still the cause of pain, invasive procedures are usually performed. There are several types of procedures that can be used to improve blood supply to the heart.
To find the clogged arteries, coronary arteriography (mapping of the coronary artery) is performed by using a procedure called cardiac catheterization. A doctor guides a thin plastic tube (called a catheter) through an artery in the arm or leg and leads into the coronary arteries. Then, the doctor injects a liquid dye through the catheter. Fluid visible in the X-ray dye to record the trip as it flows through the arteries. By mapping the flow of dye, the doctor identifies blocked areas. Once mapping is complete, your doctor can determine the best course of action.
One possibility is called percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), also known as angioplasty or balloon angioplasty. The doctor inserts a catheter and a guide to the blocked area of arteries. Then a second catheter with a tiny balloon at the tip is passed through the first catheter. Once the tip reaches the blocked balloon, the balloon expands. This compresses the plaque build-up, widening the artery to blood flow. Finally, the balloon deflated and removed.
Another possibility is that coronary artery bypass graft surgery. A surgeon takes a healthy blood vessel from another part of the body (usually in the leg or chest wall) and use it to build a detour around the blocked coronary artery. One end of the vessel is grafted (attached) just below the blockage while the other end is grafted just above the blockage. As a result, blood can flow to the heart muscle again. In a double bypass surgery, two grafts done. In the third bypass, three grafts. Inside, four quadruple grafts.
The most radical possibility is that a heart transplant or a part of the heart is required. When healthy people die, their hearts can still be used. Patient's diseased heart is removed and a healthy donor heart is then attached. This operation is complicated because so many blood vessels must be detached and re-installed. When the operation progresses, the patient is connected to a heart-lung machine to keep their blood circulating. After surgery, there is still a risk that the patient's system may reject the new heart. Types of networks to be very suitable for transplantation to be successful. As a result, the number of transplants performed quite low.
Many patients do not survive waiting for a donor heart. Medical scientists have developed an artificial heart that can be used to keep patients alive for a short time until a donor heart becomes available. Scientists are also experimenting with animal-to-human heart transplant. In 1984, twelve-day-old baby girl, known as Baby Fae, received a seven-month baboon heart. A team of medical scientists from Loma Linda University in California conducted the operation. Although Baby Fae died twenty-one days later, the experiment provides a valuable research information for the future.
If diet and exercise are not effective in treating heart disease, medication is usually prescribed. If heart disease is still the cause of pain, invasive procedures are usually performed. There are several types of procedures that can be used to improve blood supply to the heart.
To find the clogged arteries, coronary arteriography (mapping of the coronary artery) is performed by using a procedure called cardiac catheterization. A doctor guides a thin plastic tube (called a catheter) through an artery in the arm or leg and leads into the coronary arteries. Then, the doctor injects a liquid dye through the catheter. Fluid visible in the X-ray dye to record the trip as it flows through the arteries. By mapping the flow of dye, the doctor identifies blocked areas. Once mapping is complete, your doctor can determine the best course of action.
One possibility is called percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), also known as angioplasty or balloon angioplasty. The doctor inserts a catheter and a guide to the blocked area of arteries. Then a second catheter with a tiny balloon at the tip is passed through the first catheter. Once the tip reaches the blocked balloon, the balloon expands. This compresses the plaque build-up, widening the artery to blood flow. Finally, the balloon deflated and removed.
Another possibility is that coronary artery bypass graft surgery. A surgeon takes a healthy blood vessel from another part of the body (usually in the leg or chest wall) and use it to build a detour around the blocked coronary artery. One end of the vessel is grafted (attached) just below the blockage while the other end is grafted just above the blockage. As a result, blood can flow to the heart muscle again. In a double bypass surgery, two grafts done. In the third bypass, three grafts. Inside, four quadruple grafts.
The most radical possibility is that a heart transplant or a part of the heart is required. When healthy people die, their hearts can still be used. Patient's diseased heart is removed and a healthy donor heart is then attached. This operation is complicated because so many blood vessels must be detached and re-installed. When the operation progresses, the patient is connected to a heart-lung machine to keep their blood circulating. After surgery, there is still a risk that the patient's system may reject the new heart. Types of networks to be very suitable for transplantation to be successful. As a result, the number of transplants performed quite low.
Many patients do not survive waiting for a donor heart. Medical scientists have developed an artificial heart that can be used to keep patients alive for a short time until a donor heart becomes available. Scientists are also experimenting with animal-to-human heart transplant. In 1984, twelve-day-old baby girl, known as Baby Fae, received a seven-month baboon heart. A team of medical scientists from Loma Linda University in California conducted the operation. Although Baby Fae died twenty-one days later, the experiment provides a valuable research information for the future.
Jul 2, 2012
Heart Attak : An Explosive Situation
A heart attack is sudden. The cause of heart attacks are not. Years of heart-healthy habits suddenly, unexpectedly, to catch up with you. Anywhere. At any time. Diseased heart is like a ticking time bomb. Heart attack is a blast.
Technically, a heart attack occurs when the supply of nutrient-rich blood to the heart muscle decreases or stops. If the blood supply is turned off for a long time, muscle cells die from lack of oxygen. If the dead cells are sufficient, the victim will also dead. Often, only a fraction of the heart muscle deprived of oxygen so that victims can recover.
Why is the blood supply to reduce or stop? There are many possibilities. One of the most common is arteriosclerosis, arterial disease. If blood can not flow through blood vessels, can not nourish the body and heart.
Is there a way to predict heart attacks? Angina pectoris or chest pain, is a warning sign of possible heart attack. Any chest pain should be taken seriously and investigated.
A heart attack is frightening for both the victim and his victim. Be Saver Heart by studying the best ways to help heart attack victims.
Technically, a heart attack occurs when the supply of nutrient-rich blood to the heart muscle decreases or stops. If the blood supply is turned off for a long time, muscle cells die from lack of oxygen. If the dead cells are sufficient, the victim will also dead. Often, only a fraction of the heart muscle deprived of oxygen so that victims can recover.
Why is the blood supply to reduce or stop? There are many possibilities. One of the most common is arteriosclerosis, arterial disease. If blood can not flow through blood vessels, can not nourish the body and heart.
Is there a way to predict heart attacks? Angina pectoris or chest pain, is a warning sign of possible heart attack. Any chest pain should be taken seriously and investigated.
A heart attack is frightening for both the victim and his victim. Be Saver Heart by studying the best ways to help heart attack victims.
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